tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-80627138135130339142024-03-13T17:17:25.674-07:00Continental CongressOn September 5, 1774 the delegates from 12 British Colonies gathered and formed the First Colonial Continental Congress of the United Colonies of America. On July 2, 1776 the Second Colonial Continental Congress declared 12 British colonies as Free and Independent States thus becoming the US Continental Congress. On March 1, 1781 the Constitution of 1777 was ratified replacing the US Continental Congress with the United States in Congress Assembled.Stan Kloshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13178581524052821016noreply@blogger.comBlogger1125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8062713813513033914.post-59763092120628116502012-10-01T15:29:00.002-07:002018-05-31T15:23:18.183-07:00Continental Congress<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 26pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: #990000;">Colonial Continental
Congress</span></span></strong></span><br />
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<td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-SqLlCA72IjM/Ufg281HwC6I/AAAAAAAAGa4/v9t0xqMQDZg/s1600/association.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" border="0" height="578" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-SqLlCA72IjM/Ufg281HwC6I/AAAAAAAAGa4/v9t0xqMQDZg/s640/association.jpg" title="Articles of Association - Extracts from the votes and proceedings of the American Continental Congress [electronic resource] : held at Philadelphia, on the 5th of September, 1774. : Containing the bill of rights, a list of grievances, occasional resolves, the Association, an address to the people of Great-Britain, and a memorial to the inhabitants of the British American colonies. : Published by order of Congress Hartford] : Philadelphia: printed. Hartford: re-printed by Eben. Watson, near the Great-Bridge., [1774], 48 p. ; 22 cm. (8vo) - http://www.uscontinentalcongress.com/" width="640" /></a>
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<td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: small;">Articles of Association -
Extracts from the votes and proceedings of the
American Continental Congress [electronic resource] :
held at Philadelphia, on the 5th of September, 1774. :
Containing the bill of rights, a list of grievances,
occasional resolves, the Association, an address to the
people of Great-Britain, and a memorial to the
inhabitants of the British American colonies. : Published
by order of Congress Hartford] : Philadelphia: printed.
Hartford: re-printed by Eben. Watson, near the
Great-Bridge., [1774], 48 p. ; 22 cm. (8vo) - from the
Historic.us Collection.</span>
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<span style="color: #990000; font-size: x-large;"><strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">United
Colonies of North America</span></strong></span>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">
September 5, 1774 to July 1, 1776</span>
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<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<a href="http://www.stanklos.org/">By: Stanley Y.
Klos</a></span></strong><br />
<em style="font-family: georgia, 'times new roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><strong><br /></strong></span></em>
<em style="font-family: georgia, 'times new roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">
<strong>America’s Four United
Republics: </strong></span></em>
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<em><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">
The More or Less United States</span></em>
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<em><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: x-small;">
Excerpt Copyright © Stanley Klos 2008 & 2012</span></em>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Before
identifying the Continental Congress junctures in the evolution
of the United States and its democracies, we should first
consider the term “republic<em>”</em> in its
18<sup>th</sup>-Century American context. One of the most
important works on the classification of political systems during
the 18<sup>th</sup> Century was Baron de Montesquieu</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "Montesquieu, Baron de" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">’s
work; <em>The Spirit of Laws</em> (1748). Montesquieu</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "Montesquieu, Baron de" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> defined
three kinds of government: republican, monarchical, and despotic.
Regarding a confederation republic he averred:</span>
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<em><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">This form
of government is a convention by which several
smaller<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>states<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>agree
to become members of a larger<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>one, which they intend to
form. It is a kind of assemblage of societies that constitute a
new one, capable of increasing, by means of new associations,
till they arrive to such a degree of power as to be able to
provide for the security of the united body.
<span class="MsoEndnoteReference">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><strong><span style="color: black; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_edn1" name="_ednref1" title="">[1]</a></span></strong></span> <a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_edn1" name="_ednref1" title="">
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<em><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">
<span class="MsoEndnoteReference" style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<strong><br /></strong></span></span></span></em>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">From the
inception of the United Colonies of America</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "United Colonies of
America" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:
14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> in
1774 to the Revolutionary War’s concluding <em>Definitive Treaty
of Peace</em> in 1784, the 13 Original Colonies and States formed
confederation republics that fulfilled Montesquieu</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:
field-begin'></span> XE "Montesquieu, Baron de" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">’s
requisite “<em>degree of power as to be able to provide for the
security of the united body.</em> According, then, to the
<em>philosophe</em>’s definition, a colonial republic began with
the formation of an association titled, <em>Continental
Congress</em></span><!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'><span style='mso-element:
field-begin'></span></span></i><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE "Continental Congress" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'><span style='mso-element:
field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><em><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">: United Colonies of
America.</span></em>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><em><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></em></span>
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<center>
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<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/A1S31iVYess" width="420"></iframe></div>
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<blockquote class="tr_bq" style="text-align: left;">
<div style="margin: 0px;">
Students and Teachers of US History this is a video of <a href="http://www.stanklos.org/">Stanley</a> and Christopher Klos presenting America's Four United Republics Curriculum at the University of Pennsylvania's Wharton School. The December 2015 video was an impromptu capture by a member of the audience of Penn students, professors and guests that numbered about 200.</div>
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<strong><span style="font-size: large;">For More
Information go to </span></strong><span style="font-size: large;"><strong><br />
<a href="http://www.americasfourrepublics.com/">America's Four
United Republics</a></strong></span>
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
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<em><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">
</span></em>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><a href="http://www.alexanderhamilton.org/">Alexander Hamilton</a></span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,
in the same Federalist letter of November 1787 in which he quotes
Montesquieu</span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "Montesquieu, Baron de" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,
goes further by defining the United States of America as a
confederacy, stating:</span>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<em><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">The
definition of a<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>confederate
republic<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>seems
simply to be "an assemblage of societies," or an association of
two or more states into one state. The extent, modifications, and
objects of the federal authority are mere matters of discretion.
So long as the separate organization of the members be not
abolished; so long as it exists, by a constitutional necessity,
for local purposes; though it should be in perfect subordination
to the general authority of the union, it would still be, in fact
and in theory, an association of states, or a confederacy. The
proposed Constitution, so far from implying an abolition of the
State governments, makes them constituent parts of the national
sovereignty, by allowing them a direct representation in the
Senate, and leaves in their possession certain exclusive and very
important portions of sovereign power. This fully corresponds, in
every rational import of the terms, with the idea of a federal
government.</span></em></span>
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<em><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">
</span></em>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
In Hamilton’s terms, then, a “confederacy” relies not just on a
union of states under some form of federal authority, but
likewise the retention by each of these states of their own
governmental authorities, both subordinate to and “constituent
parts of…national sovereignty.” </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
</span>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Finally, for
our consideration, in 1788, United States in Congress
Assembled</span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "United States in Congress
Assembled" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Delegate
<a href="http://www.jamesmadison.us/">James Madison</a></span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "Madison, James" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> in
Federalist No XXXIX defined the word “republic,” placing clear
emphasis on the derivation of its power from the
people:</span>
</span>
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<em><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">
… we may define a republic to be, or at least may bestow that
name on, a government which derives all its powers directly or
indirectly from the great body of the people, and is administered
by persons holding their offices during pleasure, for a limited
period, or during good behavior. It is essential to such a
government that it be derived from the great body of the society,
not from an inconsiderable proportion, or a favored class of it;
otherwise a handful of tyrannical nobles, exercising their
oppressions by a delegation of their powers, might aspire to the
rank of republicans, and claim for their government the honorable
title of republic. It is sufficient for such a government that
the persons administering it be appointed, either directly or
indirectly, by the people; and that they hold their appointments
by either of the tenures just specified …
<span class="MsoEndnoteReference">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_edn2" name="_ednref2" title="">[2]</a></span></strong></span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_edn2" name="_ednref2" title=""><!--[endif]--></a></span></span></em>
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<em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference" style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<strong><br /></strong></span></span></span></em>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Reflecting
upon these definitions by Montesquieu</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "Montesquieu, Baron de" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,
Hamilton and Madison; this book puts forth the proposition that
there were three distinct republics that led to a fourth which is
the current government of the United States. Each Republic
is so delineated because it marks a divergent stage in the
evolution of the United States; the names designated to each
period are derived from the republic’s founding resolution or
constitution, as follows:</span>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><strong style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">First
United American Republic:</span></strong> <em style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">United Colonies of
America: Thirteen British Colonies United in
Congress</span></em> <em style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_edn3" name="_ednref3" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">[3]</span></strong></span></span></a></span></em>
<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">(September
4<sup>th</sup>, 1774 to July 1<sup>st</sup>, 1776) was founded
by 12 colonies<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_edn4" name="_ednref4" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">[4]</span></span></span></a>
under the <em>First Continental
Congress</em></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"> and
expired under the <em>Second Continental
Congress</em></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">; <span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><em><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_edn5" name="_ednref5" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">[5]</span></strong></span></a></em></span> </span></span>
</li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<strong style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Second United American
Republic:</span></strong> <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><em>The
U</em></span><em style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">nited States of
America:<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_edn6" name="_ednref6" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">[6]</span></strong></span></span></a>
Thirteen Independent States United in Congress<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_edn7" name="_ednref7" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">[7]</span></strong></span></span></a></span></em><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">(July
2<sup>nd</sup>, 1776 to February 28<sup>th</sup>, 1781) was
founded by 12 states<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_edn8" name="_ednref8" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">[8]</span></span></span></a>
in the <em>Second Continental Congress</em></span><em style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span></em><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">and
expired with the ratification of the Articles of
Confederation</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">;<em> </em></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;"> </span></span>
</li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
</div>
<ul>
<li style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<strong style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Third United American
Republic:</span></strong> <em style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
The</span></em> <em style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">United States of
America: A Not Quite Perpetual Union</span></em><em style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"> <a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_edn9" name="_ednref9" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">[9]</span></strong></span></a></span></span></em><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">(March
1<sup>st</sup>, 1781 to March 3<sup>rd</sup>, 1789) was founded
by 13 States<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_edn10" name="_ednref10" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">[10]</span></span></span></a>
with the <em><a href="http://www.articlesofconfederation.com/">Articles of
Confederation</a></em></span><em style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">’s</span></em>
<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">enactment and
expired with the ratification of the <em>U.S. <a href="http://www.constitutionof1787.com/">Constitution of
178</a></em><a href="http://www.constitutionof1787.com/">Constitution of
1787</a></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">;</span></span>
</li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
</div>
<ul>
<li>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;">
</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;">Fourth
United American Republic:</span> <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;"><em>
The</em></span> <em style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">United States of
America: We the People</span></em><em style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_edn11" name="_ednref11" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">[11]</span></strong></span></span></a></span></em><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;">(March
4, 1789 to Present) was formed by 11 states<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_edn12" name="_ednref12" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">[12]</span></span></span></a>
with the <em>United States Constitution of
1787</em></span><em style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">’s</span></em>
<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;">enactment
and still exists today.</span></span>
</li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 0in;">
</span>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 0in;">
With the four founding republics now identified, the following
nomenclature, derived from the acts of three unicameral and one
tripartite governing bodies, is offered for consideration:</span>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
</span>
</div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The
First United American Republic Government:</span></strong>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
<em>The United Colonies of America</em></span>
<!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE "United Colonies of
America" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><em><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Continental
Congress</span></em><!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE "Continental
Congress" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> (U.C.
Continental Congress</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE "<span
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'>Continental Congress:</span>U.C. Continental
Congress" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">),
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_edn13" name="_ednref13" title="">
<span class="MsoEndnoteReference">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">[13]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></a> with the name “Continental Congress”
being adopted in the Articles of Association</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE
"<span style='mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'>Articles of Association</span>"
</span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]-->
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_edn14" name="_ednref14" title="">
<span class="MsoEndnoteReference">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">[14]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></a> and “United Colonies of America”
being derived from various relations enacted by the
aforementioned U.C. Continental Congress</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE "<span
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'>Continental Congress:</span>U.C. Continental
Congress" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">;</span>
</span>
</div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
</span>
</div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The
Second United American Republic Government:</span></strong>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
<em>The United States of America Continental Congress</em></span>
<!--[if supportFields]><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE
"Continental Congress" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> (U.S.
Continental Congress</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE "<span
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'>Continental Congress:</span>U.S. Continental
Congress" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">),
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_edn15" name="_ednref15" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">[15]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></a> with the name “Colonies” being changed
to “States” by the Declaration of Independence</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE "Declaration of
Independence" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">;
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_edn16" name="_ednref16" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">[16]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></a> </span></span>
</div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
</span>
</div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The
Third United American Republic Government:</span></strong>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
<em>The United States in Congress Assembled</em></span>
<!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE "United States in
Congress Assembled" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> (USCA</span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE
"United States in Congress Assembled:USCA" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> or
Confederation Congress), with the name being adopted in the
Articles of Confederation</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE "Articles of
Confederation" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">;
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_edn17" name="_ednref17" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">[17]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></a> </span></span>
</div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
</span>
</div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The
Fourth United American Republic Government:</span></strong>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
<em>The United States House of Representatives</em></span>
<!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE "House of
Representatives" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><em><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> and
Senate in Congress Assembled (Bicameral
Congress)</span></em><em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">, The President of the
United States of America (U.S. President), United States Supreme
Court</span></em><!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE "Supreme
Court" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><em><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> (U.S.
Supreme Court)</span></em><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,
with the names all adopted in the <em>Constitution of
1787</em></span><!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE "Constitution of
1787" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_edn18" name="_ednref18" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">[18]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></a></span> <span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">For the purpose of this
book the U.S. House of Representatives and Senate in Congress
Assembled is abbreviated to the <em>U.S.</em> <em>Bicameral
Congress.</em></span></span>
</div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span>
</div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Having
distinguished the four republics and their governing bodies, we
may now examine them one by one to discover if the
classifications and nomenclature meet what might become a
generally accepted framework for the U.S. Founding
period.</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 0.1in;"> </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 0.1in;"><br />
</span></span> <span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 0.1in;"><br />
</span></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.youtube.com/embed/5s-YdvukLmI?feature=player_embedded' frameborder='0'></iframe>
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<strong style="color: #990000; line-height: normal;">Was
Delaware, Virginia, or New Hampshire the first US
State?</strong>
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<strong style="color: #990000; line-height: normal;"><br /></strong>
</div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.1in;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The origin of
the United States’ current tripartite government can be traced
back to September 1st, 1774, when deputies from the colonies
first met at Philadelphia</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:
field-begin'></span> XE "Philadelphia" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">’s
City Tavern</span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "Seats of Government:City
Tavern" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:
14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]-->
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_edn19" name="_ednref19" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">[19]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></a> on Second Street, just north of Walnut
Street </span></span><span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">(yes
the true birthplace of the Continental Congress and the
Presidency was in a Philadelphia tavern).
</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 28px;"><br />
</span></span> <span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 28px;">Although City
Tavern did not host a quorum of colonies, the tavern was the site
of the first caucus of congressional delegates on September 1,
1774. The discussions at this tavern meeting were significant as
the decision was made, with 25 to 30 delegates present, that the
members would wait until September 5th, for the additional
delegates to arrive before proceeding to business. Specifically
it was agreed that the Delegates would meet "Monday next" at 10
am at City Tavern to discuss where to conduct their first
meeting.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 28px;"><br />
</span></span> <span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 28px;">Delegate Robert
Treat Paine wrote in his diary on September 1,
1774: </span></span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 28px;"><em>6 o'Clock
the Members of the Congress that were in Town met at City
Tavern & adjourned to Monday next.</em></span></span>
</blockquote>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 28px;">Delegate
Samuel Ward recorded in his diary on September 1,
1774: </span></span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 28px;"><em>The
Delegates from N. Jersies & two from Province of N York
arrived, conversed with many Delegates & at Evening had a
Meeting at the New Tavern & took a List of those present,
in all twenty five.</em></span></span>
</blockquote>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 28px;">Silas
Deane wrote to Elizabeth Deane on September 1,
1774:</span></span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 28px;"><em>The
Delegates from Virginia, Maryland, the Lower Counties, &
New York, are not arrived. We spent this Day in visiting Those
that are in Town, & find them in high Spirits particularly
the Gentlemen from the Jersies, and South Carolina. In the
Evening We met to the Number of about Thirty drank a Dish of
Coffee together talked over a few preliminaries, & agreed
to wait for the Gentlemen not arrived untill Monday Next,
before We proceeded to Business. </em></span></span>
</blockquote>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 28px;"> As
decided at City Tavern on September 1st, 1774, deputies
representing eleven colonies assembled at 10 am at the tavern.
According to Delegate James Duane:</span></span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 28px;">The Members
of the Congress met at Smith's [Sic City] Tavern. The Speaker
of the Pensylvania Assembly having offerd the Congress the use
of the State house; & the Carpenters the use of their Hall,
It was agreed to take a View of each. We proceeded to the
Carpenter's hall. Mr .Lynch proposed the Question whether as
that was in all respects Suitable it ought not to be fixed upon
without further Enquiry. </span></span>
</blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 28px;">I observed
that if the State house was equally convenient it ought to be
preferred being a provincial & the Carpenter's Hall[1] a
private House. And besides as it was tenderd by the Speaker it
seemed to be a piece of respect which was due to him, at least
to enquire whether the State House was not equally convenient.
The Question was however called for; & a great Majority
fixed upon the Carpenters hall. </span></span>
</blockquote>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 28px;">John
Adams wrote of the event in his diary: </span></span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<em>Monday. At ten the delegates all met at the City Tavern,
and walked to the Carpenters' Hall, where they took a view of
the room, and of the chamber where is an excellent library;
there is also a long entry where gentlemen may walk, and a
convenient chamber opposite to the library. The general cry
was, that this was a good room, and the question was put,
whether we were satisfied with this room ? and it passed in the
affirmative. A very few were for the negative, and they were
chiefly from Pennsylvania and New
York. </em></span></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 19px; line-height: 21.466665267944336px; text-indent: 0in;"> </span><span class="MsoEndnoteReference" style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 19px; line-height: 21.466665267944336px; text-indent: 0in;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_edn22" name="_ednref22" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 19px; line-height: 21.466665267944336px; text-indent: 0in;" title="">[22]</a></span></span></span>
</blockquote>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 0in;">
The deputies who formed the Colonial Congress were not men who
enjoyed a national reputation. The colonial population was now
surpassing two million inhabitants with no “continental”
newspaper or magazine. Consequently, they were nearly all
strangers to each other with most never even having heard the
names of their new colleagues. There were, however, several
exceptions. John and Samuel Adams</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 0in;">,
for example were Boston leaders identified with deep-seated
opposition to Great Britain</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 0in;"> and
known all over the colonies. Virginia</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 0in;"> Militia
Colonel George Washington</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 0in;"> had
achieved colonial celebrity through his service with British
regulars during the French and Indian War</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 0in;">.
Peyton Randolph</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 0in;"> was
known as the judicious Virginia House of Burgesses’ Speaker and
the Colonial Virginia attorney general who struck down Lt.
Governor Dinwiddie’s Pistole Land Tax in a London hearing before
the British Lords of Trade.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_edn23" name="_ednref23" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><em><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">[23]</span></strong></span></em></span></a>
Patrick Henry</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 0in;"> was
known as an eloquent orator gaining colonial favor from his
memorable opposition to the Stamp Act</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 0in;"> in
1765<em>.</em> There were other delegates who were men of some
influence in their colonies, but the new congress had little
knowledge of their character. It was a new beginning.</span>
<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 0in;"><br /></span>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-MG80rNwgC84/WY9DKShQs4I/AAAAAAAAPuo/QF4QD1zoNcMLK-RwcQ_fFw-meB98I_eNwCLcBGAs/s1600/NCHC%2BCitizenship%2BCarpenters%2527%2BHall%2BArticles%2Bof%2BAssociation.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="912" data-original-width="1600" height="364" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-MG80rNwgC84/WY9DKShQs4I/AAAAAAAAPuo/QF4QD1zoNcMLK-RwcQ_fFw-meB98I_eNwCLcBGAs/s640/NCHC%2BCitizenship%2BCarpenters%2527%2BHall%2BArticles%2Bof%2BAssociation.png" title="National Collegiate Honor’s Council Partners in the Park Independence Hall Class of 2017 students at Carpenters' Hall with the docent holding a Virginia Three Pound Note signed by the first President of the United Colonies Continental Congress Peyton Randolph AND a 1776 Autograph Letter Signed by Cyrus Griffin the last President of the United States in Congress Assembled. Carly is holding an original 1774 printing of the Articles of Association passed in this hall, which named the Continental Congress. – For more information visit our National Park and NCHC Partners in the Park Class of 2017 website" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption"><blockquote class="tr_bq" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: small;">National Collegiate Honor’s Council Partners in the Park Independence Hall <a href="http://www.historic.us/p/nchc-partners-in-park.html">Class of 2017</a> students at <a href="http://www.unitedstatescapitals.org/p/blog-page_97.html">Carpenters' Hall</a> with the docent holding a Virginia Three Pound Note signed by the first President of the United Colonies Continental Congress <a href="http://www.peytonrandolph.com/">Peyton Randolph</a> AND a 1776 Autograph Letter Signed by <a href="http://www.cyrusgriffin.com/">Cyrus Griffin</a> the last President of the United States in Congress Assembled. Carly is holding an original 1774 printing of the <a href="http://www.articlesofassociation.us/">Articles of Association</a> passed in this hall, which named the Continental Congress. – For more information visit our <a href="http://www.historic.us/p/nchc-partners-in-park.html">National Park and NCHC Partners in the Park Class of 2017 website</a></span></blockquote>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 19px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;">The
first order of business for the delegates after the presentation
of credentials was the election of a presiding officer. Delegate
James Duane writes in his notes on the
debates:</span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;">
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 28px;"><em>The Names
of the Members were then called over; After which Mr Lynch
proposed that we shoud elect a President or Chairman and named
Mr Peyton Randolph Speaker of the Assembly of Virginia, who was
unanimously approvd & placed in the Chair. A Question was
then put what Title the Convention should assume & it was
agred that it should be called the Congress. Another Question
was put what shoud be the Stile of Mr Randolph & it was
agreed that he should be called the
President.</em></span></span>
</blockquote>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 28px;">Congress
next considered the election of a Secretary and Delegate Lynch
put forth the name of Charles Thompson.
</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 28px;"><br />
</span></span> <span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 28px;">Charles Thomson
an orphan at 10 established himself through hard work as a
Philadelphia merchant and intellectual in the 1750’s. He became
embroiled in colonial politics 1760’s aligning himself with the
more liberal colonists into the 1770’s which was quite unusual
for a businessman. His conservative peers campaigned hard against
his election as a delegate from Pennsylvania to the Continental
Congress and were successful. His benefactor, Benjamin
Franklin, was a strong supporter for his congressional
appointment and despite being then known as the “Samuel Adams of
Philadelphia” Thomson was elected unanimously to be the Secretary
of the Continental Congress. </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 28px;"><br />
</span></span> <span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 28px;">Duane
writes:</span></span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="text-indent: 0in;"><em><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 28px;">The next
point was to fix on a Clerk or Secretary. Mr Thompson
was proposed by Mr Lynch.Mr. Jay observed that he had
Authority to say that one of the members of the Congress
was willing to accept the Office &
he conceived the preference was due to him [him
being James Duane]. To which it was answered that
such an appointment would deprive the Congress
of a Member as he would be too much incumberd by the
Duties of a Clerk to attend to the Trust for which he was
chosen. The Objection being thought Reasonable Mr Thompson was
appointed by the Stile of Secretary of the
Congress.</span></span></em></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 19px; line-height: 28px; text-indent: 0in;"> </span>
</blockquote>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 28px;">Thompson
would serve in this position in both the Colonial & U.S.
Continental Congress and the United States in Congress Assembled
for nearly 15 years.</span></span><br />
<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<em><span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 28px;">By
his political connections, his long tenure of office,
and his executive and legislative
functions, Thomson influenced the course of congressional and
Revolutionary affairs. “Secretary” was the title given to
British to their executive department heads and Thomson was
Secretary in that sense and not in sense of a record keeper or
file clerk.</span></em></span>
</blockquote>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.1in;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 0in;">
After the elections, the members turned to establishing the rules
of the new colonial body. It was not until the following
day that the debate concluded and the members voted against
forming a rules committee to further consider rules of
order. Instead they enacted the following resolutions on
September 6</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 0in;">th<span style="font-size: medium;">,
1774, to conduct colonial business:</span></span>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0.2in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;">
<em><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">
R<strong>esolved,</strong> That in determining Questions in this
Congress, each Colony or Province shall have one vote.—The
Congress not being possessed of, or at present able to procure
proper materials for ascertaining the importance of each Colony.
<strong>Resolved,</strong> That no person shall speak more than
twice on the same point without leave of the Congress.
<strong>Resolved,</strong> That no Question shall be determined
the day on which it is agitated and debated, if any one of the
Colonies desire the determination to be postponed to another day.
<strong>Resolved,</strong> That the Doors be kept shut during the
time of business, and that the Members consider themselves under
the strongest obligations of honour to keep the proceedings
secret, until the majority shall direct them to be made publick.
<strong>Resolved,</strong> unanimously, That a Committee be
appointed to state the Rights of the Colonies in general, the
several instances in which these rights are violated or
infringed, and the means most proper to be pursued for obtaining
a restoration of them.</span></em> <a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_edn25" name="_ednref25" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">[25]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.1in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The
proceedings of this body were deemed private and this
<em>“</em>pledge of secrecy<em>”</em> would remain the rule in
the successive confederation republics. Secrecy would
also be vowed by delegates thirteen years later during the
Philadelphia</span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "Philadelphia" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Convention
that framed the U.S. Constitution of 1787</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span>
XE "Constitution of 1787" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><em>.</em>
Consequently, the debate to determine the name of this new
association is not a matter of public record. Historians
are relegated to reviewing delegate letters and colonial
resolutions to determine the origin of the name of the
association that would go on to enact and direct united colonial
measures.</span></span>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.1in;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The colonies
had individually passed 12 different resolutions naming the
Philadelphia</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:
field-begin'></span> XE "Philadelphia" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> gathering
and its membership in various different forms:</span></span>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0.2in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0.2in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<strong><em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">New
Hampshire</span></em></strong><!--[if supportFields]><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:
field-begin'></span></span></i></b><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE "New Hampshire" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i></b><![endif]--><em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> …
General Congress; <strong>Massachusetts</strong></span></em>
<!--[if supportFields]><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i></b><span style='font-size:
14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE
"Massachusetts" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i></b><![endif]--><em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> …
meeting of Committees from the several Colonies; <strong>Rhode
Island</strong></span></em>
<!--[if supportFields]><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:
field-begin'></span></span></i></b><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE "Rhode Island" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i></b><![endif]--><em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> …
general congress of representatives;
<strong>Connecticut</strong></span></em><!--[if supportFields]><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i></b><span style='font-size:
14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE
"Connecticut" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i></b><![endif]--><em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> …
Congress of commissioners; <strong>New Yor</strong>k</span></em>
<!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE
"New York" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> …
Congress at Philadelphia</span></em>
<!--[if supportFields]><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE "Philadelphia"
</span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">;
<strong>New Jersey</strong></span></em>
<!--[if supportFields]><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:
field-begin'></span></span></i></b><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE "New Jersey" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i></b><![endif]--><em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> …
general Congress of deputies;
<strong>Pennsylvania</strong></span></em><!--[if supportFields]><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i></b><span style='font-size:
14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE
"Pennsylvania" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i></b><![endif]--><em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">…
Colony Committees; <strong>Maryland</strong></span></em>
<!--[if supportFields]><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i></b><span style='font-size:
14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE
"Maryland" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i></b><![endif]--><em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> …
General Congress of deputies from the Colonies;
<strong>Virginia</strong></span></em><!--[if supportFields]><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:
field-begin'></span></span></i></b><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE "Virginia" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i></b><![endif]--><em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> …
General Congress; <strong>South Carolina</strong></span></em>
<!--[if supportFields]><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i></b><span style='font-size:
14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE "<span
style='color:black;background:white'>South Carolina</span>" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i></b><![endif]--><em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> …
deputies to a general Congress;
<strong>Delaware</strong></span></em><!--[if supportFields]><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i></b><span style='font-size:
14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE
"Delaware" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i></b><![endif]--><em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> …
general continental congress; <a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_edn26" name="_ednref26" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">[26]</span></strong></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></a> <strong>North
Carolina</strong></span></em><!--[if supportFields]><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i></b><span style='font-size:
14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE "North
Carolina" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:
field-end'></span></span></i></b><![endif]--><em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> … general Congress.
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_edn27" name="_ednref27" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">[27]</span></strong></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></a></span></em></span>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">It would be
Delaware</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:
field-begin'></span> XE "Delaware" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">’s
term, a <em>Continental Congress</em></span>
<!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE
"Continental Congress" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span></em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> that
was formally adopted on October 20, 1774, by a resolution known
as the <em>Articles of Association</em></span>
<!--[if supportFields]><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE "<span
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'>Articles of Association</span>" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span></em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">that
implemented a British trade boycott <a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_edn28" name="_ednref28" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><em>
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">[28]</span></strong></span>
<!--[endif]--></em></span></a>. The naming of the colonial
congress in the <em>Articles of Association</em> can be found in
the resolution’s first paragraph:</span></span>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0.2in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">We, his
majesty's most loyal subjects, the delegates of the several
colonies of New-Hampshire, Massachusetts</span></em>
<!--[if supportFields]><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE
"Massachusetts" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">-Bay,
Rhode-Island, Connecticut</span></em><!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE
"Connecticut" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">,
New-York, New-Jersey, Pennsylvania</span></em>
<!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE
"Pennsylvania" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">,
the three lower counties of Newcastle, Kent and Sussex on
Delaware</span></em><!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE
"Delaware" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">,
Maryland</span></em><!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE
"Maryland" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">,
Virginia</span></em><!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE
"Virginia" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">,
North-Carolina, and South-Carolina, deputed to represent them in
a <strong><u>Continental Congress</u></strong></span></em>
<!--[if supportFields]><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><u><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:
field-begin'></span></span></u></i></b><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE "Continental
Congress" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><u><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:
field-end'></span></span></u></i></b><![endif]--><em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">, held in the city of
Philadelphia</span></em><!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE
"Philadelphia" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">,
on the 5th day of September, 1774.</span></em> <span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_edn29" name="_ednref29" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">[29]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></a></span></span>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The name was
primarily chosen to distinguish this congress from the many other
congresses being held throughout the Colonies at that time.
The terms “Colonies of America,” “United Colonies,” and “Colonies
of North America” were all used in 1774 delegate letters,
colonial newspapers, and colonial congressional journals.
<a href="http://www.georgewashington.us/">George
Washington</a></span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "Washington, George" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">’s
June 19<sup>th</sup>, 1775, Commander-in-Chief Commission, for
example, uses the term “United Colonies,” followed by the names
of the 13 members of the Continental Congress</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "Continental Congress" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.
The name, the <em>United Colonies of America</em></span>
<!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE
"United Colonies of America" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,
was not introduced as part of a First Continental Congress</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "Continental Congress:First
Continental Congress" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> resolution
until <a href="http://www.thomasjefferson.us/">Thomas
Jefferson</a></span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "Jefferson, Thomas" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">’s
Declaration <em>Setting Forth the Causes and Necessity of Their
Taking Up Arms</em>.</span></span>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0.2in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">We the
representatives of the United Colonies of America</span></em>
<!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE
"United Colonies of America" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> now
sitting in General Congress, to all nations send greeting of
setting forth the causes and necessity of their taking up arms.
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_edn30" name="_ednref30" title="">
<span class="MsoEndnoteReference">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">[30]</span></strong></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></a> </span></em></span>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Jefferson’s
1775 Declaration was edited and approved on July 6<sup>th</sup>,
adding the word “North” to name the republic, the “United
Colonies of North America</span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "United Colonies of
America:United Colonies of North America" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]-->
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
.”
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_edn31" name="_ednref31" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">[31]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></a> Two weeks later, Benjamin
Franklin</span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "Franklin, Benjamin" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> would,
in Article I of his Articles of Confederation</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:
field-begin'></span> XE "Articles of Confederation" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,
also utilize the word “north”:</span></span>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.1in;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0.2in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The Name
of this Confederacy shall henceforth be the United Colonies of
North America</span></em><!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE
"United Colonies of America:United Colonies of North America" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">.
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_edn32" name="_ednref32" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">[32]</span></strong></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></a></span></em></span>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-qhyNw9Ck32Q/Unpcr-7yVSI/AAAAAAAAIBw/5uFWViWME48/s1600/pledge+of+Secrecy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" border="0" height="428" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-qhyNw9Ck32Q/Unpcr-7yVSI/AAAAAAAAIBw/5uFWViWME48/s640/pledge+of+Secrecy.jpg" title="November 9th, 1775 United Colonies Continental Congress Pledge of Secrecy - http://www.uscontinentalcongress.com/" width="640" /></a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: left;"><em><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: small;">
November 9th, 1775 United Colonies Continental Congress
Pledge of Secrecy - <a href="http://www.historic.us/">Historic.us
Collection</a></span></em>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 0in;">
By January 1776, the Continental Congress</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 0in;"> UCA,
as well as the colonies themselves, would drop the word
“North,” referring instead to the Continental association as
the “United Colonies of America</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 0in;">”:</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0.2in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Resolved,
By this Assembly, That Roger Sherman</span></em>
<!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE
"Sherman, Roger" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">,
Oliver Wolcott</span></em><!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE
"Wolcott, Oliver" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">,
Samuel Huntington</span></em><!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE
"Huntington, Samuel" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">,
Titus Hosmer, and William Williams</span></em>
<!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE
"Williams, William" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">,
Esqrs. be, and they are hereby appointed Delegates to represent
this Colony at the General Congress of the United Colonies of
America</span></em><!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE
"United Colonies of America" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
115%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><em><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">.
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_edn33" name="_ednref33" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">[33]</span></strong></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></a></span></em></span>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.1in;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-E6ckKcLzQIg/UGoZvp3l0dI/AAAAAAAABXg/rqNVMUAereA/s1600/cc-Journals+1774.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" border="0" height="518" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-E6ckKcLzQIg/UGoZvp3l0dI/AAAAAAAABXg/rqNVMUAereA/s640/cc-Journals+1774.jpg" title="18th Century Journal of Congress open to September 5, 1774, recording the convening of the First Continental Congress – Image courtesy of the Klos Yavneh Collection." width="640" /></a>
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<em><span style="font-size: x-small;"><em style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">
18<sup>th</sup> Century Journal of Congress open to September 5,
1774, recording the convening of the<br />
First Continental Congress</span></em><em style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> –
Image courtesy of the Klos Yavneh
Collection</span></em><em style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">.</span></em></span></em>
</div>
<br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.1in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">As can be
seen, the aforesaid First Continental Congress</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "Continental Congress" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">’
resolutions, rules, and various other acts clearly formed
<em>“</em>a body of laws<em>”</em> among the colonies,
establishing the <em>First United American Republic: The United
Colonies of America: Thirteen British Colonies United in
Congress</em></span><!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE "United Colonies of
America" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><em><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">.</span></em>
<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">The United
Colonies Continental Congress</span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> XE
"<span style='color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Continental Congress:</span>U.
C. Continental Congress" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">,
the new republic’s governing association</span> <span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">convened from September
4<sup>th</sup>, 1774, to July 2<sup>nd</sup>, 1776, passing
resolutions, laws and acts necessary to conduct a war to win
independence from the British Empire. Although independence
was not declared until July 2<sup>nd</sup>, 1776, the United
Colonies Continental Congress</span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "<span style='color:black;
mso-themecolor:text1'>Continental Congress:</span>U. C. Continental
Congress" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> (U.C.
Continental Congress</span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "<span style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
bold'>Continental Congress:</span>U.C. Continental Congress" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">)
acted as a quasi-central government, for the 13 Colonies, meeting
the definition of a confederation republic as evidenced by a
review of key U.C. Continental Congress</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span>
XE "<span style='mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'>Continental Congress:</span>U.C.
Continental Congress" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Republic
milestones, including:</span></span>
</div>
<br />
<br />
<ul>
<li style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
U.C. Continental Congress measures provoked British Regulars to
march out of Boston, attempting the capture of hidden military
supplies. In early expeditions, the British were not opposed,
found nothing, and returned to Boston. On April 19th, 1775,
however, shots were fired during the British advancement on
Lexington and Concord, launching the first military engagement
of the Revolutionary War; </span>
</li>
<li style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
On May 10th, 1775, Ethan Allen and Benedict Arnold seize Fort
Ticonderoga in New York; </span>
</li>
<li style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
On June 15th, 1775, the U.C. Continental Congress appoints
George Washington commander-in-chief of the Continental
Army;</span>
</li>
<li style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
On July 6th, 1775 the U.C. Continental Congress approves a
United Colonies of North America Declaration … Setting Forth
the Causes and Necessity of Their Taking Up Arms against Great
Britain; On June 17th, 1775, the Battle of Breed's Hill forces
the retreat of the Colonial Minutemen; </span>
</li>
<li style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
On June 22nd, 1775, the U.C. Continental Congress issues two
million dollars in continental currency to fund the war
effort;</span>
</li>
<li style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
On July 21st, 1775, the U.C. Continental Congress considers
Benjamin Franklin’s Articles of Confederation as a possible
constitution for the United Colonies of North
America; </span>
</li>
<li style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
On November 13th, 1775, Major General Richard Montgomery
occupies Montreal Canada;</span>
</li>
<li style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
On December 31st, 1775, General Montgomery is killed in the
Battle for Quebec City and American troops retreat from
Canada;</span>
</li>
<li style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
On March 17th, 1776. The Continental Army led by General
Washington forces the British to evacuate Boston;</span>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<div style="background-color: white; line-height: 20px; text-align: left;">
<div style="text-align: center;">
<div class="default" style="color: #4d4d4d;">
<div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Continental Congress of the United Colonies
Presidents</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span></span>
</div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
Sept. 5, 1774 to July 1, 1776</span>
</div>
<div style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;">
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableLightShadingAccent1" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; width: 479px;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-style: solid none; border-top-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); border-top-width: 1pt; height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 120.65pt;" valign="top" width="161"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
<a href="http://peytonrandolph.com/" style="color: #6666cc; text-decoration: initial;">Peyton
Randolph</a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-style: solid none; border-top-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); border-top-width: 1pt; height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.75in;" valign="top" width="168"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
September 5, 1774</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-style: solid none; border-top-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); border-top-width: 1pt; height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 112.5pt;" valign="top" width="150"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
October 22, 1774</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background-color: #d3dfee; border: none; height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 120.65pt;" valign="top" width="161"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
<a href="http://henrymiddleton.com/" style="color: #6666cc; text-decoration: initial;">Henry
Middleton</a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background-color: #d3dfee; border: none; height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.75in;" valign="top" width="168"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
October 22, 1774</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background-color: #d3dfee; border: none; height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 112.5pt;" valign="top" width="150"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
October 26, 1774</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 120.65pt;" valign="top" width="161"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
<a href="http://peytonrandolph.com/" style="color: #6666cc; text-decoration: initial;">Peyton
Randolph</a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.75in;" valign="top" width="168"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
May 20, 1775</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 112.5pt;" valign="top" width="150"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
May 24, 1775</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background-color: #d3dfee; border: none; height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 120.65pt;" valign="top" width="161"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
<a href="http://johnhancock.org/" style="color: #6666cc; text-decoration: initial;">John
Hancock</a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background-color: #d3dfee; border: none; height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.75in;" valign="top" width="168"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
May 25, 1775</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background-color: #d3dfee; border: none; height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 112.5pt;" valign="top" width="150"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
July 1, 1776</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;">
<span style="color: #e06666; font-size: xx-small;"><strong>
</strong></span>
</div>
<div style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;">
<span style="color: #e06666; font-size: xx-small;"><strong>
</strong></span>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="color: #990000; font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="color: #990000; font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
<strong><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Continental Congress of the United States
Presidents </span></strong><br /><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
July 2, 1776 to February 28, 1781</span></span><br />
<div style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;">
<br /></div>
<div style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;">
<div align="center">
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableLightShadingAccent1" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; width: 533px;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-style: solid none; border-top-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); border-top-width: 1pt; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 129.85pt;" valign="top" width="173"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
<a href="http://johnhancock.org/" style="color: #6666cc; text-decoration: initial;">John
Hancock</a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-style: solid none; border-top-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); border-top-width: 1pt; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 2in;" valign="top" width="192"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
July 2, 1776</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-style: solid none; border-top-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); border-top-width: 1pt; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.75in;" valign="top" width="168"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
October 29, 1777</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background-color: #d3dfee; border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 129.85pt;" valign="top" width="173"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
<a href="http://henrylaurens.com/" style="color: #6666cc; text-decoration: initial;">Henry
Laurens</a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background-color: #d3dfee; border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 2in;" valign="top" width="192"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
November 1, 1777</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background-color: #d3dfee; border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.75in;" valign="top" width="168"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
December 9, 1778</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 129.85pt;" valign="top" width="173"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
<a href="http://johnjay.net/" style="color: #6666cc; text-decoration: initial;">John
Jay</a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 2in;" valign="top" width="192"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
December 10, 1778</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.75in;" valign="top" width="168"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
September 28, 1779</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background-color: #d3dfee; border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 129.85pt;" valign="top" width="173"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
<a href="http://samuelhuntington.org/" style="color: #6666cc; text-decoration: initial;">Samuel
Huntington</a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background-color: #d3dfee; border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 2in;" valign="top" width="192"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
September 29, 1779</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background-color: #d3dfee; border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.75in;" valign="top" width="168"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
February 28, 1781</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: start;">
<div align="center" class="defaultcharCxSpFirst" style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 17px; margin-left: -9pt; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="defaultcharCxSpMiddle" style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 17px; margin-left: -9pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #cc0000;"><br /></span></strong>
</div>
<div>
<div style="font-size: 15px; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #990000; font-size: medium;"><strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
Commander-in-Chief United Colonies & States of
America</span></strong></span>
</div>
<div style="font-size: 15px; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span></span>
</div>
<div style="font-size: 15px; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
George Washington: June 15, 1775 - December 23,
1783</span></strong>
</div>
<div style="font-size: 15px; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span></span>
</div>
<div style="font-size: 15px; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span>
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #990000;"><strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></strong></span>
<span style="color: #990000;"><strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></strong></span>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">
<strong>Presidents of the United States in Congress
Assembled</strong></span><br /><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
March 1, 1781 to March 3, 1789</span></span>
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span>
</div>
<div style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: xx-small;"><strong><br /></strong></span>
</div>
<div style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;">
<div align="center">
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableLightShadingAccent1" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; width: 518px;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-style: solid none; border-top-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); border-top-width: 1pt; height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 123.3pt;" valign="top" width="164"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
<a href="http://samuelhuntington.org/" style="color: #6666cc; text-decoration: initial;">
Samuel Huntington</a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-style: solid none; border-top-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); border-top-width: 1pt; height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.75in;" valign="top" width="168"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
March 1, 1781</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-style: solid none; border-top-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); border-top-width: 1pt; height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 139.5pt;" valign="top" width="186"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
July 6, 1781</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background-color: #d3dfee; border: none; height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 123.3pt;" valign="top" width="164"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
<a href="http://samueljohnston.org/" style="color: #6666cc; text-decoration: initial;">
Samuel Johnston</a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background-color: #d3dfee; border: none; height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.75in;" valign="top" width="168"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
July 9, 1781</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background-color: #d3dfee; border: none; height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 139.5pt;" valign="top" width="186"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
Declined Office</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 123.3pt;" valign="top" width="164"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
<a href="http://thomasmckean.com/" style="color: #6666cc; text-decoration: initial;">
Thomas McKean</a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.75in;" valign="top" width="168"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
July 10, 1781</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 139.5pt;" valign="top" width="186"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
November 4, 1781</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background-color: #d3dfee; border: none; height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 123.3pt;" valign="top" width="164"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
<a href="http://johnhanson.net/" style="color: #6666cc; text-decoration: initial;">
John Hanson</a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background-color: #d3dfee; border: none; height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.75in;" valign="top" width="168"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
November 5, 1781</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background-color: #d3dfee; border: none; height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 139.5pt;" valign="top" width="186"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
November 3, 1782</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 123.3pt;" valign="top" width="164"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
<a href="http://eliasboudinot.com/" style="color: #6666cc; text-decoration: initial;">
Elias Boudinot</a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.75in;" valign="top" width="168"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
November 4, 1782</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 139.5pt;" valign="top" width="186"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
November 2, 1783</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background-color: #d3dfee; border: none; height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 123.3pt;" valign="top" width="164"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
<a href="http://thomasmifflin.com/" style="color: #6666cc; text-decoration: initial;">
Thomas Mifflin</a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background-color: #d3dfee; border: none; height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.75in;" valign="top" width="168"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
November 3, 1783</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background-color: #d3dfee; border: none; height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 139.5pt;" valign="top" width="186"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
June 3, 1784</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 123.3pt;" valign="top" width="164"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
<a href="http://richardhenrylee.org/" style="color: #6666cc; text-decoration: initial;">
Richard Henry Lee</a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.75in;" valign="top" width="168"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 17px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
November 30, 1784</span>
</div>
</td>
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November 22, 1785</span>
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<a href="http://johnhancock.org/" style="color: #6666cc; text-decoration: initial;">
John Hancock</a></span>
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November 23, 1785</span>
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June 5, 1786</span>
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<a href="http://nathanielgorham.com/" style="color: #6666cc; text-decoration: initial;">
Nathaniel Gorham</a></span>
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June 6, 1786</span>
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February 1, 1787</span>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
<a href="http://arthurstclair.com/" style="color: #6666cc; text-decoration: initial;">
Arthur St. Clair</a></span>
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February 2, 1787</span>
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January 21, 1788</span>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">
<a href="http://cyrusgriffin.com/" style="color: #6666cc; text-decoration: initial;">
Cyrus Griffin</a></span>
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January 22, 1788</span>
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January 21, 1789</span>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><b>Presidents of the United States of America</b></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18.4px;">D-Democratic Party, F-Federalist Party, I-Independent, R-Republican Party, R* Republican Party of Jefferson & W-Whig Party </span></span><br />
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://georgewashington.us/"><span style="color: blue;">George Washington (I)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/jefferson-davis.html"><span style="color: blue;">Jefferson Davis (D)*</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://franklindroosevelt.org/"><span style="color: blue;">Franklin D. Roosevelt (D)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1789-1797)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1933-1945)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://andrewjohnson.org/"><span style="color: blue;">Andrew Johnson (R)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://www.johnadams.us/"><span style="color: blue;">John Adams (F)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1865-1869)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://harrytruman.org/"><span style="color: blue;">Harry S. Truman (D)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1797-1801)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1945-1953)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://ulyssessgrant.org/"><span style="color: blue;">Ulysses S. Grant (R)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://www.thomasjefferson.us/"><span style="color: blue;">Thomas Jefferson (R*)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1869-1877)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://dwighteisenhower.org/"><span style="color: blue;">Dwight D. Eisenhower (R)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1801-1809)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1953-1961)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/rutherford-hayes.html"><span style="color: blue;">Rutherford B. Hayes R</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://www.jamesmadison.us/"><span style="color: blue;">James Madison (R*)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"> (1877-1881)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://johnfkennedy.org/"><span style="color: blue;">John F. Kennedy (D)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1809-1817)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1961-1963)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/james-garfield.html"><span style="color: blue;">James A. Garfield (R)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://www.jamesmonroe.net/"><span style="color: blue;">James Monroe (R*)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"> (1881 - 1881)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/lyndon-johnson.html"><span style="color: blue;">Lyndon B. Johnson (D)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1817-1825)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1963-1969)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/chester-arthur.html"><span style="color: blue;">Chester Arthur (R)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://www.johnqadams.org/"><span style="color: blue;">John Quincy Adams (R*)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1881-1885)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://richardnixon.org/"><span style="color: blue;">Richard M. Nixon (R)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1825-1829)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1969-1974)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/grover-cleveland.html"><span style="color: blue;">Grover Cleveland (D)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://www.andrewjackson.org/"><span style="color: blue;">Andrew Jackson (D)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1885-1889)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://geraldrford.org/"><span style="color: blue;">Gerald R. Ford (R)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1829-1837)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1973-1974)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://benjaminharrison.org/"><span style="color: blue;">Benjamin Harrison (R)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/martin-van-buren.html"><span style="color: blue;">Martin Van Buren (D)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1889-1893)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/william-clinton.html"><span style="color: blue;">James E. Carter, Jr. (D)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1837-1841)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1977-1981)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/grover-cleveland.html"><span style="color: blue;">Grover Cleveland (D)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/william-henry-harrison.html"><span style="color: blue;">William H. Harrison (W)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1893-1897)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/ronald-reagan.html"><span style="color: blue;">Ronald W. Reagan (R)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1841-1841)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1981-1989)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://williammckinley.org/"><span style="color: blue;">William McKinley (R)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/john-tyler.html"><span style="color: blue;">John Tyler (W)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1897-1901)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/george-w-bush.html"><span style="color: blue;">George H. W. Bush (R)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1841-1845)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1989-1993)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://theodoreroosevelt.net/"><span style="color: blue;">Theodore Roosevelt (R)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://jameskpolk.org/"><span style="color: blue;">James K. Polk (D)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1901-1909)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/william-clinton.html"><span style="color: blue;">William J. Clinton (D)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1845-1849)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1993-2001)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://williamhtaft.org/"><span style="color: blue;">William H. Taft (R)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/zachary-taylor.html"><span style="color: blue;">Zachary Taylor (W)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1909-1913)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/george-w-bush.html"><span style="color: blue;">George W. Bush (R)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1849-1850)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(2001-2009)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/woodrow-wilson.html"><span style="color: blue;">Wilson Woodrow (D)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://millardfillmore.org/"><span style="color: blue;">Millard Fillmore (W)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1913-1921)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/barack-obama.html"><span style="color: blue;">Barack H. Obama (D)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1850-1853)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(2009-2017)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/warren-harding.html"><span style="color: blue;">Warren G. Harding ®</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/franklin-pierce.html"><span style="color: blue;">Franklin Pierce (D)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1921-1923)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/donald-j-trump.html"><span style="color: blue;">Donald J. Trump (R)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1853-1857)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(20017-Present)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://calvincoolidge.org/"><span style="color: blue;">Calvin Coolidge (R)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
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<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://jamesbuchanan.org/"><span style="color: blue;">James Buchanan (D)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
</td><td nowrap="" style="height: 18.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 146pt;" width="195"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1923-1929)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td nowrap="" style="height: 18.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 166pt;" width="221"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">*Confederate States of America<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 18.75pt;"><td nowrap="" style="height: 18.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 166pt;" width="221"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1857-1861)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td nowrap="" style="height: 18.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 146pt;" valign="bottom" width="195"></td><td nowrap="" style="height: 18.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 166pt;" width="221"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 18.75pt;"><td nowrap="" style="height: 18.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 166pt;" valign="bottom" width="221"></td><td nowrap="" style="height: 18.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 146pt;" width="195"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://herberthoover.org/"><span style="color: blue;">Herbert C. Hoover (R)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
</td><td nowrap="" style="height: 18.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 166pt;" valign="bottom" width="221"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 18.75pt;"><td nowrap="" style="height: 18.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 166pt;" width="221"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="http://abrahamlincoln.us/"><span style="color: blue;">Abraham Lincoln (R)</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
</td><td nowrap="" style="height: 18.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 146pt;" width="195"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1929-1933)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td nowrap="" style="height: 18.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 166pt;" valign="bottom" width="221"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 18.75pt;"><td nowrap="" style="height: 18.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 166pt;" width="221"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">(1861-1865)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif;">
<div style="color: #4d4d4d; font-size: 15px;">
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<div style="background-color: white; font-family: "times new roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<div style="color: black; font-size: medium;">
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<div class="default" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-weight: normal; text-align: center;">
<div>
<div>
<div style="color: black; font-size: medium;">
<br /></div>
<a name='more'></a><strong style="text-align: start;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><strong>Chart
Comparing Presidential
Powers </strong></span><span style="color: black; font-size: large;"><strong> - <a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/presidential-powers.html" target="_blank">Click
Here</a></strong></span></span></strong><br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="color: black; font-size: medium; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px;">
<strong style="text-align: start;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">
<strong><span style="color: #7b0f19; font-size: 22pt; line-height: 33.7333335876465px;">
</span></strong></span></strong>
</div>
<div style="color: black; font-size: medium;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="color: black; font-size: medium; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px;">
<strong style="text-align: start;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong><span style="color: #7b0f19; font-size: 22pt; line-height: 33.7333335876465px;"><br /></span></strong></span></strong>
<strong style="text-align: start;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">
<strong><span style="color: #7b0f19; font-size: 22pt; line-height: 33.7333335876465px;">
United Colonies and States First
Ladies</span></strong></span></strong>
</div>
<div style="color: black; font-size: medium;">
<br /></div>
<div style="color: black; font-size: medium; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px;">
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<div style="color: black; font-size: medium;">
<strong style="text-align: start;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 27.6000022888184px;">1774-1788</span></strong></span></strong></div>
<div style="color: black; font-size: medium; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px;">
<strong style="text-align: start;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">
<strong><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><br /></span></strong></span></strong>
</div>
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<div style="color: black; font-size: medium;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="color: black; font-size: medium; font-weight: normal;">
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableLightShadingAccent5" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; width: 685px;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(75, 172, 198); border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-style: solid none; border-top-color: rgb(75, 172, 198); border-top-width: 1pt; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 237.9pt;" valign="top" width="317"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #7b0f19; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">
United Colonies Continental
Congress</span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(75, 172, 198); border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-style: solid none; border-top-color: rgb(75, 172, 198); border-top-width: 1pt; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 100pt;" valign="top" width="133"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #7b0f19; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">
President</span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(75, 172, 198); border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-style: solid none; border-top-color: rgb(75, 172, 198); border-top-width: 1pt; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 122pt;" valign="top" width="163"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #7b0f19; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">
18<sup>th</sup> Century
Term</span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(75, 172, 198); border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-style: solid none; border-top-color: rgb(75, 172, 198); border-top-width: 1pt; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 0.75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #7b0f19; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">
Age</span></strong>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 237.9pt;" valign="top" width="317"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.peytonrandolph.com/p/betty-randolph.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Elizabeth "Betty" Harrison
Randolph</span></a></span></strong><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (1745-1783)</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 100pt;" valign="top" width="133"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://peytonrandolph.com/"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none;">
Peyton Randolph</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 122pt;" valign="top" width="163"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
09/05/74 – 10/22/74</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 0.75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
29</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 237.9pt;" valign="top" width="317"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.henrymiddleton.com/p/mary-baker-middleton.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Mary Williams
Middleton</span></a></span></strong><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (1741-
1761) Deceased</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 100pt;" valign="top" width="133"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
Henry Middleton</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 122pt;" valign="top" width="163"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
10/22–26/74</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 0.75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
n/a</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 237.9pt;" valign="top" width="317"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.peytonrandolph.com/p/betty-randolph.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Elizabeth "Betty" Harrison
Randolph</span></a></span></strong><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (1745–1783)</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 100pt;" valign="top" width="133"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://peytonrandolph.com/"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none;">
Peyton Randolph</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 122pt;" valign="top" width="163"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
05/20/ 75 - 05/24/75</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 0.75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
30</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 237.9pt;" valign="top" width="317"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.johnhancock.org/p/dorothy-quincy-hancock-dorothy-quincy.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Dorothy Quincy Hancock
Scott</span></a></span></strong><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (1747-1830)</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 100pt;" valign="top" width="133"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://johnhancock.org/"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none;">
John Hancock</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 122pt;" valign="top" width="163"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
05/25/75 – 07/01/76</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 0.75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
28</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 237.9pt;" valign="top" width="317"></td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 100pt;" valign="top" width="133"></td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 122pt;" valign="top" width="163"></td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 0.75in;" valign="top" width="72"></td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 237.9pt;" valign="top" width="317"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #7b0f19; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">
United States Continental
Congress</span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 100pt;" valign="top" width="133"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #7b0f19; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">
President</span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 122pt;" valign="top" width="163"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #7b0f19; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">
Term</span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 0.75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #7b0f19; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">
Age</span></strong>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 237.9pt;" valign="top" width="317"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.johnhancock.org/p/dorothy-quincy-hancock-dorothy-quincy.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Dorothy Quincy Hancock
Scott</span></a></span></strong><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (1747-1830)</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 100pt;" valign="top" width="133"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://johnhancock.org/"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none;">
John Hancock</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 122pt;" valign="top" width="163"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
07/02/76 – 10/29/77</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 0.75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
29</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 237.9pt;" valign="top" width="317"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.henrylaurens.com/p/eleanor-laurens.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Eleanor Ball
Laurens</span></a></span></strong><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (1731-
1770) Deceased</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 100pt;" valign="top" width="133"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
Henry Laurens</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 122pt;" valign="top" width="163"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
11/01/77 – 12/09/78</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 0.75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
n/a</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 237.9pt;" valign="top" width="317"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.sarahlivingstonjay.org/" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Sarah Livingston
Jay</span></a></span></strong><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (1756-1802)</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 100pt;" valign="top" width="133"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://johnjay.net/"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none;">
John Jay</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 122pt;" valign="top" width="163"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
12/ 10/78 – 09/28/78</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 0.75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
21</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 237.9pt;" valign="top" width="317"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.samuelhuntington.org/p/martha-huntington.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Martha
Huntington</span></a></span></strong><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (1738/39–1794)</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 100pt;" valign="top" width="133"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://samuelhuntington.org/"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none;">
Samuel Huntington</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 122pt;" valign="top" width="163"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
09/29/79 – 02/28/81</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 0.75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
41</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 237.9pt;" valign="top" width="317"></td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 100pt;" valign="top" width="133"></td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 122pt;" valign="top" width="163"></td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 0.75in;" valign="top" width="72"></td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 237.9pt;" valign="top" width="317"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #7b0f19; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">
United States in Congress
Assembled</span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 100pt;" valign="top" width="133"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #7b0f19; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">
President</span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 122pt;" valign="top" width="163"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #7b0f19; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">
Term</span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 0.75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #7b0f19; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">
Age</span></strong>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 237.9pt;" valign="top" width="317"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.samuelhuntington.org/p/martha-huntington.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Martha
Huntington</span></a></span></strong><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (1738/39–1794)</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 100pt;" valign="top" width="133"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://samuelhuntington.org/"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none;">
Samuel Huntington</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 122pt;" valign="top" width="163"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
03/01/81 – 07/06/81</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 0.75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
42</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 237.9pt;" valign="top" width="317"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.thomasmckean.com/p/blog-page.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Sarah Armitage
McKean </span></a></span></strong><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (1756-1820)</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 100pt;" valign="top" width="133"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://thomasmckean.com/"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none;">
Thomas McKean</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 122pt;" valign="top" width="163"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
07/10/81 – 11/04/81</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 0.75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
25</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 237.9pt;" valign="top" width="317"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.johnhanson.net/p/jane-hanson.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Jane Contee
Hanson</span></a></span></strong><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (1726-1812)</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 100pt;" valign="top" width="133"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://johnhanson.net/"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none;">
John Hanson</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 122pt;" valign="top" width="163"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
11/05/81 - 11/03/82</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 0.75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
55</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 237.9pt;" valign="top" width="317"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.eliasboudinot.com/p/hannah-stockton-boudinot-was-born-21.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Hannah Stockton
Boudinot</span></a></span></strong><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (1736-1808)</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 100pt;" valign="top" width="133"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://eliasboudinot.com/"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none;">
Elias Boudinot</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 122pt;" valign="top" width="163"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
11/03/82 - 11/02/83</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 0.75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
46</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 237.9pt;" valign="top" width="317"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.thomasmifflin.com/p/sarah-morris-mifflin.html">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Sarah Morris
Mifflin</span></a></span></strong><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (1747-1790)</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 100pt;" valign="top" width="133"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://thomasmifflin.com/"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none;">
Thomas Mifflin</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 122pt;" valign="top" width="163"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
11/03/83 - 11/02/84</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 0.75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
36</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 237.9pt;" valign="top" width="317"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.richardhenrylee.org/p/anne-lee.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Anne Gaskins Pinkard
Lee</span></a></span></strong><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (1738-1796)</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 100pt;" valign="top" width="133"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://richardhenrylee.org/"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none;">
Richard Henry Lee</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 122pt;" valign="top" width="163"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
11/20/84 - 11/19/85</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 0.75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
46</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 237.9pt;" valign="top" width="317"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.johnhancock.org/p/dorothy-quincy-hancock-dorothy-quincy.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Dorothy Quincy Hancock
Scott</span></a></span></strong><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (1747-1830)</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 100pt;" valign="top" width="133"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://johnhancock.org/"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none;">
John Hancock</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 122pt;" valign="top" width="163"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
11/23/85 – 06/06/86</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 0.75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
38</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 237.9pt;" valign="top" width="317"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.nathanielgorham.com/p/rebecca-call-was-born-to-caleb-vall.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Rebecca Call
Gorham</span></a></span></strong><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (1744-1812)</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 100pt;" valign="top" width="133"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://nathanielgorham.com/"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none;">
Nathaniel Gorham</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 122pt;" valign="top" width="163"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
06/06/86 - 02/01/87</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 0.75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
42</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 237.9pt;" valign="top" width="317"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.arthurstclair.com/p/phoebe-bayard-st-clair.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Phoebe Bayard St.
Clair</span></a></span></strong><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (1743-1818)</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 100pt;" valign="top" width="133"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://arthurstclair.com/"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none;">
Arthur St. Clair</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 122pt;" valign="top" width="163"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
02/02/87 - 01/21/88</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 0.75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
43</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(75, 172, 198); border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-style: none none solid; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 237.9pt;" valign="top" width="317"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.cyrusgriffin.com/p/ladychristina-stuart-daughter-of-6th.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Christina Stuart
Griffin</span></a></span></strong><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> (1751-1807)</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(75, 172, 198); border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-style: none none solid; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 100pt;" valign="top" width="133"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://cyrusgriffin.com/"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none;">
Cyrus Griffin</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(75, 172, 198); border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-style: none none solid; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 122pt;" valign="top" width="163"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
01/22/88 - 01/29/89</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(75, 172, 198); border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-style: none none solid; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 0.75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
36</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div style="color: black; font-size: medium;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="color: black; font-size: medium; font-weight: normal;">
<strong style="text-align: start;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">
<strong><br /></strong></span></strong>
</div>
<div style="color: black; font-size: medium;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="color: black; font-size: medium; font-weight: normal;">
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableLightShadingAccent5" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; width: 721px;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 19.5pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(75, 172, 198); border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-style: solid none; border-top-color: rgb(75, 172, 198); border-top-width: 1pt; height: 19.5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><em><span style="color: #7b0f19; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">
Constitution of
1787</span></em></strong><strong><span style="color: #7b0f19; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;"><br />
First Ladies</span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(75, 172, 198); border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-style: solid none; border-top-color: rgb(75, 172, 198); border-top-width: 1pt; height: 19.5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #7b0f19; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">
President</span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(75, 172, 198); border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-style: solid none; border-top-color: rgb(75, 172, 198); border-top-width: 1pt; height: 19.5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #7b0f19; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">
Term</span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(75, 172, 198); border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-style: solid none; border-top-color: rgb(75, 172, 198); border-top-width: 1pt; height: 19.5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #7b0f19; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">
Age</span></strong>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.marthawashington.org/" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Martha
Washington</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://georgewashington.us/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
George Washington </span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
April 30, 1789 – March 4, 1797</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
57</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.abigailadams.us/" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Abigail Adams</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.johnadams.us/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
John Adams</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
March 4, 1797 – March 4, 1801</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
52</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
Martha Wayles Jefferson
Deceased</span></u>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://thomasjefferson.us/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
Thomas Jefferson</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
September 6, 1782 (Aged
33)</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
n/a</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.dolleymadison.org/" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Dolley Madison</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://jamesmadison.us/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
James Madison </span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
March 4, 1809 – March 4, 1817</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
40</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.elizabethmonroe.org/" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Elizabeth
Monroe</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://jamesmonroe.net/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
James Monroe</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
March 4, 1817 – March 4, 1825</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
48</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.johnqadams.org/p/louisa-catherine-johnson-adams-born.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Louisa Adams</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.johnqadams.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
John Quincy Adams</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
March 4, 1825 – March 4, 1829</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
50</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.andrewjackson.org/p/jackson-rachel-born-in-1767-died-at.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Rachel Jackson
Deceased</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://andrewjackson.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
Andrew Jackson</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
December 22,
1828 (aged 61)</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
n/a</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/martin-van-buren.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Hannah Van Buren
Deceased</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/martin-van-buren.html">
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
Martin Van Buren</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
February 5, 1819 (aged 35)</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
n/a</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/william-henry-harrison.html">
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Anna Harrison</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/william-henry-harrison.html">
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
William H. Harrison</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
March 4, 1841 – April 4, 1841</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
65</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/john-tyler.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Letitia Tyler</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/john-tyler.html">
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
John Tyler</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
April 4, 1841 – September 10, 1842</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
50</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/john-tyler.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Julia Tyler</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/john-tyler.html">
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
John Tyler</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
June 26, 1844 – March 4, 1845</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
23</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.jameskpolk.org/p/sarah-polk.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Sarah Polk</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://jameskpolk.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
James K. Polk</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
March 4, 1845 – March 4, 1849</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
41</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/zachary-taylor.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Margaret
Taylor</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/zachary-taylor.html">
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
Zachary Taylor</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
March 4, 1849 – July 9, 1850</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
60</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.millardfillmore.org/p/abigail-powers-fillmore-march-13-1798.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Abigail
Fillmore</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://millardfillmore.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
Millard Fillmore</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
July 9, 1850 – March 4, 1853</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
52</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/franklin-pierce.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Jane Means
Pierce</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/franklin-pierce.html">
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
Franklin Pierce</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
March 4, 1853 – March 4, 1857</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
46</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.jamesbuchanan.org/" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Lifelong
Bachelor</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://jamesbuchanan.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
James Buchanan</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
n/a</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
n/a</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.abrahamlincoln.us/p/mary-todd-was-carefully-educated-in.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Mary Todd
Lincoln</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://abrahamlincoln.us/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
Abraham Lincoln </span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
March 4, 1861 – April 15, 1865</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
42</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/jefferson-davis.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Varina
Davis</span></a></span></strong><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">*</span></u>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/jefferson-davis.html">
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
Jefferson Davis*</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
February 22, 1862 – May 10, 1865</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"></td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.andrewjohnson.org/p/his-wife-eliza-mccardle-johnson-born-in.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Eliza McCardle
Johnson</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://andrewjohnson.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
Andrew Johnson</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
April 15, 1865 – March 4, 1869</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
54</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.ulyssessgrant.org/p/julia-grant-julia-dent-grant-born-in-st.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Julia Boggs Dent
Grant</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://ulyssessgrant.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
Ulysses S. Grant </span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
March 4, 1869 – March 4, 1877</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
43</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/rutherford-hayes.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Lucy Ware Webb
Hayes</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/rutherford-hayes.html">
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
Rutherford B. Hayes</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
March 4, 1877 – March 4, 1881</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
45</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/james-garfield.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Lucretia Rudolph
Garfield</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/james-garfield.html">
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
James A. Garfield</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
March 4, 1881 – September 19,
1881</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
48</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/chester-arthur.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Ellen Lewis Herndon
Arthur</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/chester-arthur.html">
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
Chester Arthur </span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
January 12, 1880 (Aged 43)</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
n/a</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/grover-cleveland.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Frances Folsom
Cleveland</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/grover-cleveland.html">
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
Grover Cleveland</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
June 2, 1886 – March 4, 1889</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
21</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.benjaminharrison.org/p/caroline-lavinia-scott-harrison-was.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Caroline Scott
Harrison</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.benjaminharrison.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
Benjamin Harrison</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
March 4, 1889 – October 25,
1892</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
56</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/grover-cleveland.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Frances Folsom
Cleveland</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/grover-cleveland.html">
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
Grover Cleveland </span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
June 2, 1886 – March 4, 1889</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
28</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.williammckinley.org/p/ida-saxton-mckinley-june-8-1847-may-26.html">
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Ida Saxton
McKinley</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://williammckinley.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
William McKinley</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
March 4, 1897 – September 14,
1901</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
49</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.theodoreroosevelt.net/p/edith-kermit-carow-roosevelt.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Edith Kermit Carow
Roosevelt</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://theodoreroosevelt.net/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
Theodore Roosevelt</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
September 14, 1901 – March 4,
1909</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
40</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.williamhtaft.org/p/helen-herron-taft.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Helen Louise Herron
Taft</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://williamhtaft.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
William H. Taft </span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
March 4, 1909 – March 4, 1913</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
47</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.thomaswoodrowwilson.org/p/ellen-axson-wilson.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Ellen Axson
Wilson</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.thomaswoodrowwilson.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
Woodrow Wilson</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
March 4, 1913 – August 6, 1914</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
52</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.thomaswoodrowwilson.org/p/edith-wilson.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Edith Bolling Galt
Wilson</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.thomaswoodrowwilson.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
Woodrow Wilson</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
December 18, 1915 – March 4,
1921</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
43</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/warren-harding.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Florence Mabel King
Harding</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/warren-harding.html">
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
Warren G. Harding </span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
March 4, 1921 – August 2,
1923</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
60</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.calvincoolidge.org/p/grace-anna-goodhue-coolidge.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Grace Anna Goodhue
Coolidge</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.calvincoolidge.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
Calvin Coolidge</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
August 2, 1923 – March 4,
1929</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
44</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.herberthoover.org/p/lou-henry-hoover.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Lou Henry
Hoover</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://herberthoover.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
Herbert C. Hoover</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
March 4, 1929 – March 4, 1933</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
54</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.eleanorroosevelt.org/" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Eleanor
Roosevelt</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.franklindroosevelt.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
Franklin D. Roosevelt</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
March 4, 1933 – April 12,
1945</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
48</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.harrytruman.org/p/blog-page.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Elizabeth Virginia "Bess"
Truman</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://harrytruman.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
Harry S. Truman</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
April 12, 1945 – January 20, 1953</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
60</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.dwighteisenhower.org/p/marie-doud-geneva-eisenhower-1896-1979.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Mamie Geneva Doud
Eisenhower</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://dwighteisenhower.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
Dwight D. Eisenhower</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
January 20, 1953 – January 20,
1961</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
56</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.johnfkennedy.org/p/jacqueline-bouvier-kennedy.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Jacqueline Lee Bouvier
Kennedy</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://johnfkennedy.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
John F. Kennedy</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
January 20, 1961 – November 22,
1963</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
31</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/lyndon-johnson.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Claudia Alta Taylor "Lady Bird"
Johnson</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/lyndon-johnson.html">
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
Lyndon B. Johnson </span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
November 22, 1963 – January 20,
1969</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
50</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.richardnixon.org/p/patricia-ryan-nixon-born-thelma.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Thelma Catherine "Pat" Ryan
Nixon</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://richardnixon.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
Richard M. Nixon </span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
January 20, 1969 – August 9, 1974</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
56</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.geraldrford.org/p/betty.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Elizabeth Ann "Betty"
Ford</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://geraldrford.org/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
Gerald R. Ford </span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
August 9, 1974 – January 20,
1977</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
56</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.jamesecarter.net/p/eleanor-rosalynn-smith-carter.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Eleanor Rosalynn
Carter</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://jamesecarter.net/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
James Earl Carter,
Jr. </span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
January 20, 1977 – January 20,
1981</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
49</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/ronald-reagan.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Nancy Davis
Reagan</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/ronald-reagan.html">
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
Ronald Wilson
Reagan </span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
January 20, 1981 – January 20,
1989</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
59</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/george-h-w-bush.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Barbara Pierce
Bush</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/george-h-w-bush.html">
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
George H. W. Bush</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
January 20, 1989 – January 20,
1993</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
63</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/william-clinton.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Hillary Diane Rodham
Clinton</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/william-clinton.html">
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
William Jefferson
Clinton</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
January 20, 1993 – January 20,
2001</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
45</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/george-w-bush.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Laura Lane Welch
Bush</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/george-w-bush.html">
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
George W. Bush </span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
January 20, 2001 – January 20,
2009</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
54</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border-bottom-color: rgb(75, 172, 198); border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-style: none none solid; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 194.45pt;" valign="top" width="259"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://www.uspresidency.com/p/barack-obama.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: normal;">
Michelle LaVaughn Robinson
Obama</span></a></span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border-bottom-color: rgb(75, 172, 198); border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-style: none none solid; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 124pt;" valign="top" width="165"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #31849b;"><a href="http://unitedstaespresidency.blogspot.com/p/barack-obama.html">
<span style="color: blue; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
Barack H. Obama</span></a></span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border-bottom-color: rgb(75, 172, 198); border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-style: none none solid; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 172.95pt;" valign="top" width="231"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">
January 20, 2009 to date</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(210, 234, 241); border-bottom-color: rgb(75, 172, 198); border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-style: none none solid; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
45</span>
</div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">
</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div style="color: black; font-size: medium;">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="color: #4d4d4d; font-size: 15px;">
<br /></div>
<div style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: medium; line-height: 24px;">
<span style="color: #990000; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: medium;">
<strong>Capitals of the United States and Colonies of
America</strong></span>
</div>
<div style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: medium; line-height: 24px;">
<span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span>
</div>
<div align="center" style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: medium; line-height: 24px;">
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; width: 531px;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-style: solid none; border-top-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); border-top-width: 1pt; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 104pt;" valign="top" width="139"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
Philadelphia</span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-style: solid none; border-top-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); border-top-width: 1pt; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 151pt;" valign="top" width="201"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
Sept. 5, 1774 to Oct. 24, 1774</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-style: solid none; border-top-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); border-top-width: 1pt; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 143.5pt;" valign="top" width="191"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
<a href="http://www.unitedstatescapitals.org/p/blog-page_36.html" target="_blank">City
Tavern</a> & <a href="http://www.unitedstatescapitals.org/p/blog-page_97.html" target="_blank">Carpenter’s Hall</a></span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(211, 223, 238); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 104pt;" valign="top" width="139"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
Philadelphia</span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(211, 223, 238); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 151pt;" valign="top" width="201"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
May 10, 1775 to Dec. 12, 1776</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(211, 223, 238); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 143.5pt;" valign="top" width="191"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
<a href="http://www.unitedstatescapitals.org/p/blog-page_97.html" target="_blank">Pennsylvania State
House</a></span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 104pt;" valign="top" width="139"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
Baltimore</span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 151pt;" valign="top" width="201"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
Dec. 20, 1776 to Feb. 27, 1777</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 143.5pt;" valign="top" width="191"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
<a href="http://www.unitedstatescapitals.org/p/blog-page_38.html" target="_blank">Henry Fite’s House</a></span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(211, 223, 238); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 104pt;" valign="top" width="139"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
Philadelphia</span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(211, 223, 238); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 151pt;" valign="top" width="201"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
March 4, 1777 to Sept. 18, 1777</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(211, 223, 238); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 143.5pt;" valign="top" width="191"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
<a href="http://www.unitedstatescapitals.org/p/blog-page_97.html">
Pennsylvania State House</a></span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 104pt;" valign="top" width="139"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
Lancaster</span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 151pt;" valign="top" width="201"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
September 27, 1777</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 143.5pt;" valign="top" width="191"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
<a href="http://www.unitedstatescapitals.org/p/blog-page_16.html" target="_blank">Lancaster Court
House</a></span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(211, 223, 238); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 104pt;" valign="top" width="139"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
York</span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(211, 223, 238); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 151pt;" valign="top" width="201"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
Sept. 30, 1777 to June 27, 1778</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(211, 223, 238); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 143.5pt;" valign="top" width="191"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
<a href="http://www.unitedstatescapitals.org/p/blog-page_44.html" target="_blank">York-town Court
House</a></span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 104pt;" valign="top" width="139"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
Philadelphia</span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 151pt;" valign="top" width="201"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
July 2, 1778 to June 21, 1783</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 143.5pt;" valign="top" width="191"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
<a href="http://www.unitedstatescapitals.org/p/college-hall.html" target="_blank">College
Hall</a> - <a href="http://www.unitedstatescapitals.org/p/blog-page_97.html" target="_blank">PA State House</a></span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(211, 223, 238); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 104pt;" valign="top" width="139"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
Princeton</span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(211, 223, 238); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 151pt;" valign="top" width="201"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
June 30, 1783 to Nov. 4, 1783</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(211, 223, 238); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 143.5pt;" valign="top" width="191"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
<a href="http://www.unitedstatescapitals.org/p/prospect-house.html" target="_blank">Prospect
House</a> - <a href="http://www.unitedstatescapitals.org/p/nassau-hall-princeton-n.html" target="_blank">Nassau Hall</a></span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 104pt;" valign="top" width="139"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
Annapolis</span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 151pt;" valign="top" width="201"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
Nov. 26, 1783 to Aug. 19, 1784</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 143.5pt;" valign="top" width="191"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
<a href="http://www.unitedstatescapitals.org/p/blog-page_8.html" target="_blank">Maryland, State
House</a></span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(211, 223, 238); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 104pt;" valign="top" width="139"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
Trenton</span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(211, 223, 238); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 151pt;" valign="top" width="201"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
Nov. 1, 1784 to Dec. 24, 1784</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(211, 223, 238); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 143.5pt;" valign="top" width="191"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
<a href="http://www.unitedstatescapitals.org/p/blog-page.html" target="_blank">French Arms Tavern</a></span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 104pt;" valign="top" width="139"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
New York City</span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 151pt;" valign="top" width="201"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
Jan. 11, 1785 to Nov. 13, 1788</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 143.5pt;" valign="top" width="191"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
<a href="http://www.unitedstatescapitals.org/p/federal.html" target="_blank">New York City Hall</a></span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(211, 223, 238); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 104pt;" valign="top" width="139"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
New York City</span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(211, 223, 238); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 151pt;" valign="top" width="201"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
Nov. 1788 to March 3,1789</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(211, 223, 238); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 143.5pt;" valign="top" width="191"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
<a href="http://www.unitedstatescapitals.org/p/fraunces-tavern.html" target="_blank">Fraunces Tavern</a></span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 104pt;" valign="top" width="139"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
New York City</span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 151pt;" valign="top" width="201"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
March 3,1789 to August 12, 1790</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 143.5pt;" valign="top" width="191"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
<a href="http://www.unitedstatescapitals.org/p/federal.html" target="_blank">Federal Hall</a></span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(211, 223, 238); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 104pt;" valign="top" width="139"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
Philadelphia</span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(211, 223, 238); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 151pt;" valign="top" width="201"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
December 6,1790 to May 14, 1800</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="background: rgb(211, 223, 238); border: none; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 143.5pt;" valign="top" width="191"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
<a href="http://www.unitedstatescapitals.org/p/congress-hall.html" target="_blank">Congress Hall</a></span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt;">
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-style: none none solid; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 104pt;" valign="top" width="139"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
Washington DC</span></strong>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-style: none none solid; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 151pt;" valign="top" width="201"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
November 17,1800 to Present</span>
</div>
</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-style: none none solid; height: 15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 143.5pt;" valign="top" width="191"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">
<a href="http://www.unitedstatescapitals.org/p/us-capitol-building.html" target="_blank">Two US Capitol
Buildings</a></span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: medium; line-height: 24px;">
<br /></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<!--[if !supportEndnotes]--><br clear="all" />
<hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" />
<!--[endif]-->
<br />
<div id="edn1">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_ednref1" name="_edn1" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[1]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
Charles de Secondat Baron de Montesquieu</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "Montesquieu, Baron de" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">,
<em>De l'esprit des lois. </em> Translated and cited in
Alexander Hamilton</span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "Hamilton, Alexander" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">,
“Federalist IX: The Utility of the Union as a Safeguard
against Domestic Faction and Insurrection”, <em>Independent
Journal</em>, New York</span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "New York" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">:
November 21, 1787.</span>
</div>
</div>
<div id="edn2">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_ednref2" name="_edn2" title="">
<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[2]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
James Madison</span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "Madison, James" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">,
“Federalist XXXIX: Conformity of the Plan to Republican
Principles.” <em>Independent Journal</em>, New York</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span>
XE "New York" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">:
January 16, 1788.</span>
</div>
</div>
<div id="edn3">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_ednref3" name="_edn3" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[3]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
The name, the <em>United Colonies of America</em></span>
<!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'> XE
"United Colonies of America" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">,
was not introduced as part of a Continental Congress</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "Continental Congress" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> UCA
resolution until Thomas Jefferson</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "Jefferson, Thomas" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">’s
<em>Declaration</em> <em>Setting Forth the Causes and
Necessity of Their Taking up Arms</em>. Although passed
as the <em>United Colonies of North America</em></span>
<!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'> XE
"United Colonies of America:United Colonies of North America" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><em><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></em><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">on
July 21, 1775 the word <em>“North”</em> would be dropped by
1776.</span>
</div>
</div>
<div id="edn4">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_ednref4" name="_edn4" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[4]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
Georgia</span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "<span style='color:black;
background:white'>Georgia</span>" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> sent
no delegates.</span>
</div>
</div>
<div id="edn5">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_ednref5" name="_edn5" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[5]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
The name” Continental Congress</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span>
XE "Continental Congress" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">”
was formally adopted by Congress in the <em>Articles of
Association</em></span><!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'> XE "<span
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'>Articles of Association</span>" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> dated
October 20, 1774.</span>
</div>
</div>
<div id="edn6">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_ednref6" name="_edn6" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[6]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
The name, <em>United States of America</em> was formally
adopted by Congress in the <em>Declaration of
Independence</em></span><!--[if supportFields]><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'> XE "Declaration of
Independence" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> dated
July 4, 1776.</span>
</div>
</div>
<div id="edn7">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_ednref7" name="_edn7" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[7]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
The term <em>“Free and Independent States”</em> was formally
adopted by Congress in Richard Henry Lee</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "Lee, Richard Henry" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">’s
Resolution</span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "Resolution for
Independence:Lee's Resolution" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> for
Independence on July 2, 1776. </span>
</div>
</div>
<div id="edn8">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_ednref8" name="_edn8" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[8]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
New York</span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "New York" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> did
not approved independence from Great Britain</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE
"<span style='mso-bidi-font-style:italic'>Great Britain</span>" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> until
July 9, 1776.</span>
</div>
</div>
<div id="edn9">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_ednref9" name="_edn9" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[9]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
The term <em>“The Perpetual Union</em></span>
<!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'> XE
"Articles of Confederation:Perpetual Union" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><em><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">”</span></em>
<span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
was formally adopted by Congress in the <em>Articles of
Confederation</em></span><!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'> XE
"Articles of Confederation" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><em><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></em><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">on
November 15, 1777 and ratified by all 13 States on March 1,
1781.</span>
</div>
</div>
<div id="edn10">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_ednref10" name="_edn10" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[10]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
Although formulated by Congress on November 15, 1777, the
Articles of Confederation</span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "Articles of
Confederation" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> required
unanimous ratification by all 13 states before they could be
enacted. By February 1st, 1779 12 states had ratified the
Constitution of 1777</span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "Articles of
Confederation:Constitution of 1777" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">.
Maryland</span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "Maryland" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> delayed
its adoption by over two years, ratifying onFebruary 2,
1781.</span>
</div>
</div>
<div id="edn11">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_ednref11" name="_edn11" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[11]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
The term <em>“We the People</em></span>
<!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'> XE
"Constitution of 1787:We the People" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><em><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">”</span></em>
<span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
was formally adopted by the Philadelphia</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span>
XE "Philadelphia" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Convention
on September 17, 1787 in the preamble to the current U.S.
Constitution and ratified by the eleven States forming the
new republic by the summer of 1788.</span>
</div>
</div>
<div id="edn12">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_ednref12" name="_edn12" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[12]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
The States of North Carolina</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span>
XE "North Carolina" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> (11/21/1789)
and Rhode Island</span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "Rhode Island" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> (5/29/1790)
did not ratify the <em>Constitution of 1787</em></span>
<!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'> XE
"Constitution of 1787" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> until
after the government was formed in New York</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE
"New York" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> on
March 4, 1789.</span>
</div>
</div>
<div id="edn13">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_ednref13" name="_edn13" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[13]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
The U.S. Continental Congress</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span>
XE "Continental Congress" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> is
also known as the Second Continental Congress</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE
"Continental Congress:Second Continantal Congress" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">.</span>
</div>
</div>
<div id="edn14">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_ednref14" name="_edn14" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[14]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
“Articles of Association</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span>
XE "<span style='mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'>Articles of Association</span>"
</span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">.”
.</span><em><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Journals
of the Continental Congress</span></em>
<!--[if supportFields]><em><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></em><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'> XE "Continental Congress" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><em><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></em><![endif]--><em><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">,
1774-1789</span></em><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">,
ed. Worthington C. Ford et al. (Washington, D.C., 1904-37),
19:137, October 20, 1774. Future references will be
to</span> <em><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
JCC, 1774-1789</span></em><em><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; font-style: normal;">.</span></em><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span>
</div>
</div>
<div id="edn15">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_ednref15" name="_edn15" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[15]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
The U.C. Continental Congress</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span>
XE "Continental Congress" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> is
also known as the First and Second Continental
Congress</span><!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span>
XE "Continental Congress:Second Continantal Congress" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">.</span>
</div>
</div>
<div id="edn16">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_ednref16" name="_edn16" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[16]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
Declaration of Independence</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span>
XE "Declaration of Independence" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">,
July 4, 1776. </span> <em><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
JCC, 1774-1789</span></em><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">.</span>
</div>
</div>
<div id="edn17">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_ednref17" name="_edn17" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[17]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
Articles of Confederation</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span>
XE "Articles of Confederation" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">,
March 1, 1781. </span> <em><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
JCC, 1774-1789.</span></em>
</div>
</div>
<div id="edn18">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_ednref18" name="_edn18" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[18]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
Constitution of the United States, Charters of Freedom,
National Archives, <a href="http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/constitution.html">
http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/constitution.html</a></span>
</div>
</div>
<div id="edn19">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_ednref19" name="_edn19" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[19]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
A reconstruction of the City Tavern</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "Seats of Government:City
Tavern" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> is
located at 138 South 2nd Street, at the intersection of
Walnut Streets in Philadelphia</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "Philadelphia" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">,
Pennsylvania</span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "Pennsylvania" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">.
The original City Tavern</span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "Seats of Government:City
Tavern" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> was
constructed in 1773 and was partially destroyed by fire on
March 22, 1834. In 1854 the original structure was demolished
and was reconstructed in 1976 for the United States
Bicentennial Celebration.</span>
</div>
</div>
<div id="edn20">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_ednref20" name="_edn20" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[20]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
Letter, NY Committee of 51 to Committee of Correspondence,
Boston, May 23, 1774. Printed in Peter Force,
<em>American Archives: Containing A Documentary History Of
The United States Of America Series 4, Six Volumes and Series
5.</em>.</span>
</div>
</div>
<div id="edn21">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_ednref21" name="_edn21" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[21]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
Carpenters’ Hall is located in the Center City neighborhood
of Philadelphia</span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "Philadelphia" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">.
The two-story red brick building was completed in 1773 and
set back off Chestnut Street with the address of 320.
The building is on the National Register of Historic Places
and part of Independence National Historical Park.</span>
</div>
</div>
<div id="edn22">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_ednref22" name="_edn22" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[22]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
John Adams</span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "Adams, John" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> and
Charles Francis Adams</span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "Adams, John:Adams, Charles
Francis" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">,
<em>The Works of John Adams</em></span>
<!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'> XE
"Adams, John" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><em><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">,
Second President of the United States</span></em><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">,
Boston: Little, Brown, and Company, 1865, p 365.</span>
</div>
</div>
<div id="edn23">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_ednref23" name="_edn23" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[23]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
Governor Robert Dinwiddie letter to Peyton Randolph</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'> XE "Randolph, Peyton" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-weight:
bold'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">,</span><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">October
23, 1754. Printed in John C. Fitzpatrick, editor,
<em>The Writings of George Washington</em></span>
<!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'> XE
"Washington, George" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><em><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> from
the Original Manuscript Sources,
1745-1799</span></em><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">.</span>
</div>
</div>
<div id="edn24">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_ednref24" name="_edn24" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[24]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
The word President in 1774 meant <em>“to
preside.”</em></span>
</div>
</div>
<div id="edn25">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_ednref25" name="_edn25" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[25]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <em><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
JCC, 1774-1789,</span></em> <span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
September 6, 1774</span>
</div>
</div>
<div id="edn26">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_ednref26" name="_edn26" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[26]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
<em>Ibid</em>.</span>
</div>
</div>
<div id="edn27">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_ednref27" name="_edn27" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[27]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <em><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
JCC, 1774-1789</span></em><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">,
September 14, 1774</span>
</div>
</div>
<div id="edn28">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_ednref28" name="_edn28" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[28]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
The colonies believed that Great Britain</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "<span style='mso-bidi-font-style:
italic'>Great Britain</span>" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> would
redress their grievances, enumerated in the <em>Articles of
Association</em></span><!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span></span></i><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'> XE "<span
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'>Articles of Association</span>" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span></i><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">,
after they imposed economic sanctions. On December 1, 1774
the colonial boycott became active and trade with England
fell sharply. The British Parliament and King George
III</span><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE "King George III" </span><![endif]--><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> responded
by enacting on March 30, 1775 the New England Restraining Act
which sanctioned the northeastern American colonies: (1)
Effective July 1, 1775, New England trade was to be limited
to England and the British West Indies; trade with other
nations was prohibited. (2) Effective July 20, 1775, New
England ships were barred from the North Atlantic
fisheries. This measure improved the colonial Canadian
alliance and damaged New England economy.</span>
</div>
</div>
<div id="edn29">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_ednref29" name="_edn29" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[29]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
Articles of Association</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span>
XE "<span style='mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'>Articles of Association</span>"
</span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">,
<em>JCC, 1774-1789</em>, October 20, 1774.</span>
</div>
</div>
<div id="edn30">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_ednref30" name="_edn30" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[30]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <em><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
Ibid.</span></em><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">,
July 6, 1775</span>
</div>
</div>
<div id="edn31">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_ednref31" name="_edn31" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[31]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
Jefferson, Jefferson writes: <em>1775. June 23. Congress
appointed a committee to prepare a Declaration to be
published by Genl. Washington on his arrival at the camp
before Boston, to wit, J. Rutledge, W. Livingston, Dr.
Franklin, Mr. Jay, and Mr. Johnson. </em> Thomas
Jefferson</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span>
XE "Jefferson, Thomas" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">.,
Manuscript letter, Library of Congress</span>
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span>
XE "Library of Congress" </span><![endif]-->
<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow","sans-serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">.</span>
</div>
</div>
<div id="edn32">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_ednref32" name="_edn32" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[32]</span></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <em><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
JCC, 1774-1789</span></em><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">,
July 21, 1775</span>
</div>
</div>
<div id="edn33">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8062713813513033914#_ednref33" name="_edn33" title="">
<span class="MsoEndnoteReference">
<span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[33]</span></span>
<!--[endif]-->
</span>
</span>
</a>
<em><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
JCC, 1774-1789</span></em><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">,
January 16, 1776.</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<br />
<br />
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Book a primary source exhibit and a professional speaker for
your next event by contacting Historic.us today. Our Clients
include many Fortune 500 companies, associations, non-profits,
colleges, universities, national conventions, pr and
advertising agencies. As the leading exhibitor of primary
sources, many of our clients have benefited from our historic
displays that are designed to entertain and educate your target
audience. <a href="mailto:Stan@Historic.us">Contact
us</a> to learn how you can join our "roster" of satisfied
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<strong>Historic.us</strong></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span>A Non-profit Corporation
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<strong><span style="color: #990000; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 22pt;">
Primary Source Exhibits</span></strong>
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<strong style="text-indent: 0in;">Exhibit
Inquiries</strong>
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<strong style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></strong><strong style="font-size: x-large;">202-239-1774 | Office</strong>
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| FAX </strong></span></span>
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<span style="color: #333333;"><strong><br /></strong></span><strong><span style="color: #990000;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><em>Dr.
Naomi and Stanley Yavneh
Klos, </em></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><em>Principals</em></span></span></strong>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><strong>Naomi@Historic.us</strong></span>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><strong>Stan@Historic.us</strong></span>
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<strong style="color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large; line-height: normal; text-align: start;">
<em>Primary Source exhibits are available for display
in your community. The costs range from $1,000 to
$35,000 depending on length of time on loan and the
rarity of artifacts chosen. </em></strong>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><strong>Website: <a href="http://www.historic.us/" style="color: #4d469c; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">www.Historic.us</a></strong></span><br />
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<tr><td><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-9MVu5Awe5P4/Vj9V3uLuhmI/AAAAAAAAM1k/aFYShHw2pTY/s1600/Merryday+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="color: #2e2e8a; font-family: "times new roman"; line-height: normal; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt="" border="0" height="243" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-9MVu5Awe5P4/Vj9V3uLuhmI/AAAAAAAAM1k/aFYShHw2pTY/s640/Merryday+2.jpg" style="border: none; position: relative;" title="“The plaintiff’s wish to correct what he regards as a widespread misconception about those who served the nation under the Articles of Confederation is laudable.” – Steven D. Merryday, Chief United States District Judge --- Stanley Klos, Plaintiff, Appellant v. Henry M. Paulson, Jr., Secretary of the Treasury, Defendant, Appellee." width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;"><b style="font-size: 12.8px;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: small;"><span style="color: #990000;">U.S. Dollar Presidential Coin Mr. Klos vs Secretary Paulson</span> - </span><a href="http://www.coinact.us/p/in-united-states-court-of-appeals-filed_2452.html" style="color: #2e2e8a; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: medium;" target="_blank">Click Here</a></b><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , sans-serif; font-size: 18pt; font-weight: 700;"><span style="font-size: 18pt;">The United Colonies of North America Continental Congress Presidents (1774-1776)</span><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 36px;"><br />The United States of America Continental Congress Presidents (1776-1781)<br />The United States of America in Congress Assembled Presidents (1781-1789)<br />The United States of America Presidents and Commanders-in-Chiefs (1789-Present)</span></span></div>
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<b style="background-color: white; color: #4b4b4b; font-family: georgia, utopia, "palatino linotype", palatino, serif; font-size: 14.85px;"><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , sans-serif; font-size: 16pt;"><a href="https://www.uspresidency.com/p/complete-list-of-uc-and-us-presidents.html" style="color: blue; text-decoration-line: none;">Click Here for the complete list and links to their biographies</a></span></b><br />
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Stan Kloshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13178581524052821016noreply@blogger.com0